ANTHRACNOSE FUNGI CAUSING DRINESS IN BRANCHES AND COFFEE BEANS

Dried branches and dried coffee beans are commonly appear in coffee gardens during the rainy season. The disease causes death of branches, dry fruits, seriously affecting the canopy of leaves and coffee yield if it is not payed any attention to prevent.

1. Symptoms and harm.

The disease usually appears on young organs, on flowers and fruits. On young branches and young fruit, the lesion is black and concave.

When the disease attacks the fruit stalk, the fruit will be dry. If the weather is favorable, the lesion will gradually expand. When the wound spreads around the perimeter of the branch, the branch above the wound will die, the whole fruit part above the wound will be dry and shed.

2.The harmful agent and the conditions for disease to thrive.

The disease is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Coffee gardens that grow thick, are over-nitrogen fertilized, dense, heavily weed and have high humidity are seriously ill. The disease often develops strongly in the rainy season, especially in rainy, hot and humid months. Currently, hot weather, combined with prolonged heavy rains, is a good condition for the fungus to thrive. Therefore, farmers should pay attention to prevent this disease, in order to limit the damage.

3. Some measures to prevent this disease.

- Plant coffee at appropriate density, avoid thick planting to ensure ventilation.

- Need a good drainage system after rain, avoid high humidity in the garden.

- During the rainy season, regularly clean the orchard, eliminate weeds and prune dead branches, branches hidden in the canopy to create ventilation.

- Avoid fertilizing with excess nitrogen, because it will make the garden dense and susceptible to disease. Should use more foliar fertilizers such as SPC-K, or micro-fertilizer TANO 601, spread CALCIUM NITRATE fertilizer to improve the soil. These fertilizers will help strengthen the plant's resistance to disease, while increasing the yield and quality of the coffee.

- When the coffee garden is first attacked or is in rainy months, it is necessary to spray PYLACOL 700WP (mixed with 300g / 100 liters of water) or CLEARNER 75WP (mixed 400g / 100 liters of water) to avoid the disease. Pay attention to spray in the rainy season, every 2-3 weeks depending on the weather. One of the above drugs can be combined with SK ENSPRAY 99EC mineral oil to increase and prolong the effectiveness of the drug.

- Regularly inspect the garden during the rainy season to detect diseases and promptly treat them, so that farrmers can reduce damage and reduce unexpected costs.